Full name: Steven Allan Spielberg

Birthday: December 18, 1946

Place of birth: Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

Biography: The most commercially successful filmmaker in Hollywood history, Steven Spielberg was born December 18, 1946, in Cincinnati. In a career of more than four decades, Spielberg's films have covered many themes and genres. Spielberg's early science-fiction and adventure films were seen as archetypes of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his films began addressing such issues as the Holocaust, slavery, war and terrorism. He is considered one of the most popular and influential filmmakers in the history of cinema. He is also one of the co-founders of DreamWorks movie studio. Marriages and children From 1985 to 1989 Spielberg was married to actress Amy Irving. In their 1989 divorce settlement, she received $100 million from Spielberg after a judge controversially vacated a prenuptial agreement written on a napkin. Spielberg subsequently developed a relationship with actress Kate Capshaw, whom he met when he cast her in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom. They married on October 12, 1991. Capshaw is a convert to Judaism. There are seven children in the Spielberg-Capshaw family: Jessica Capshaw (born August 9, 1976) – daughter from Kate Capshaw's previous marriage to Robert Capshaw; Max Samuel Spielberg (born June 13, 1985) – son from Spielberg's previous marriage to actress Amy Irving; Theo Spielberg (born 1988) – son adopted by Capshaw before her marriage to Spielberg, who later also adopted him; Sasha Rebecca Spielberg (born May 14, 1990, Los Angeles); Sawyer Avery Spielberg (born March 10, 1992, Los Angeles) ; Mikaela George (born February 28, 1996) – adopted with Kate Capshaw; Destry Allyn Spielberg (born December 1, 1996). Spielberg's most important contribution to modern movies: There was an enormous audience to be created if old-style B-movie stories were made with A-level craftsmanship and enhanced with the latest developments in special effects. In Spielberg, the light source conceals mystery, where for many other directors it is darkness that conceals mystery. The difference is that for Spielberg, mystery offers promise instead of threat.

31 мая 2012 г.

Some Spielberg’s films were based on books:

Duel. This film is based on the short story written by Richard Matheson. It’s about one salesman David Mann who went to a business trip by his car through the California desert. On the highway he tried to go round a huge lorry. But this attempt led to a car skirmish. The mysterious lorry driver begins a psychological game against David and throws down a challenge to him. David has to accept it to survive. It was first Spielberg’s feature film that brought him world fame.                                                         
The Color Purple is based on novel of the same name by Alice Walker, who won the Pulitzer Prize for this novel. The film tells the story of a young African American girl Celie who became pregnant from her stepfather. This film shows the problems which African American women faced during the early 1900s, including povertyracism, and sexism. Spielberg touches upon the problem of racism in his several works. The film was recorded in the Guinness Book of Records as a motion picture with the largest number of nominations and no awards of “The Oscar”.                                                                                       
Empire of the Sun is based on J. G. Ballard's semi-autobiographical novel of the same name about the events in Japan during the Second World War through the eyes of a child. Film tells the story of a young boy who was separated from his parents during the war in Shanghai in 1938. Spielberg vividly showed the tragedy of the rapidly passing childhood ruined by the horrible prison life conditions. The film garnered numerous praises of critics and was nominated for several Oscars, but did not attract the kind of box-office power that Spielberg's films usually get. 
Schindler's List is based on the novel “Schindler's Ark” by Australian novelist Thomas Keneally. This is a true story of Oscar Schindler, a man who sacrificed himself to save thousands Polish-Jewish refugees during the Holocaust by employing them in his factories. For "Schindler's List" Spielberg earned his first Academy Award for Best Director and for Best Picture. Spielberg presented the given novel in his usual manner. But besides the special effects and horrible details of cruel war, the famous director won the audience by depth of feeling and emotional experience of the main character. 
Amistad is based on the novel Black Mutiny” by William Owens which in turn was based on a true story about African slaves who rebelled against their captors. Spielberg touches upon the problem of the abolition of slavery in the U.S which he continues in his film “Lincoln”. The film received lavish praises from the critics, but was noted for its violent massacre scenes.  
War of the Worlds is a science fiction film adaptation of Herbert Wellsnovel of the same name. Spielberg moved the plot of the book from England of the early 20 century to America in present days. But in general, the plots of the book and film are fairly close. Spielberg had already made films about space aliens. (“Close Encounters of the Third Kind” andE.T. the Extra-Terrestrial”). In these films he portrayed alien visitors as a potentially friendly for humanity creatures willing to connect with them. As for “War of the Worlds”, this film is marked a departure from these optimistic themes. Spielberg shows more violent alien invaders that visit the Earth for the purpose of destruction. 
Munich is based on the book Vengeance: The True Story of an Israeli Counter-Terrorist Team” by Canadian journalist George Jonas, which in turn was based on the story of Yuval Aviv, who claims to have been a Mossad agent. The film describes historical events about the Israeli government's secret retaliation attacks after the massacre of Israeli athletes by the Black September terrorist group during the 1972 Summer Olympics. It shows how a squad of assassins, led by former Mossad agent Avner, tracked down and killed a list of Black September members thought to be responsible for the eleven Israeli athletes' murders. The film received positive reviews and was nominated for five Academy Awards. 
War Horse is based on the novel of the same name by British author Michael Morpurgo, which was published in Britain in 1982. This is the story about inconceivable friendship between boy Albert and his horse Joey. During the World War I, the horse was sent together with the cavalry regiment on the battlefields of France. But Albert, despite the very young age for the military service, went to the front to find and rescue his friend. Steven Spielberg is a big expert in the family movie. Therefore screen adaptation of Morpurgo’s novel which is accessible to readers of any age, became another successful product from talented director. This film was nominated for six Academy Awards including Best Picture. It was also nominated for two Golden Globe Awards and five BAFTAs.

Steven Spielberg began to produce serious films in 1975:


1941 (1979) - In 1941, California residents and military personnel, paranoid after the attack on Pearl Harbor, become convinced that they are under attack by the Japanese. Always (1989) - Pete is a pilot who drops water on forest fires at very low heights. His intended Dorinda is also a pilot who doubles as a radio controller for the pilots who do this work. Pete always takes chances, confident that his skill will bring him through. One day it doesn't and he is killed. He finds himself returning as an invisible ghost who's presence is barely felt giving advice to his successor. Pete then finds that his successor is also falling in love with Dorinda. TheColor Purple (1985) - This film follows the life of Celie, a young black girl growing up in the early 1900's. The first time we see Celie, she is 14 - and pregnant - by her father. We stay with her for the next 30 years of her tough life. Casper(1995) - Carrigan Crittenden inherits the Mansion and plans to steal a fabled treasure inside. When she runs into Stretch, Stinkie and Fatso, she hires Dr. Harvey, to coax the ghosts into passing over into the next world. His daughter Kat is forced to follow him there. Casper and her become friends who defend the house while throwing a party. Empire of the Sun (1987) - The movie starts with Jim, a young boy, who becomes separated from his parents. He ends up in a concentration camp near a Japanese occupied air base in China.

Criticism

Perhaps the most prominent critic of Steven Spielberg is American artist and actor Crispin Glover. In a 2005 essay titled What Is It? Glover says that Spielberg has “wafted his putrid stench upon our culture, a culture he helped homogenize and propagandize.” Among Glover’s accusations are that Spielberg purchased the Rosebud sled used in Orson Welles’ 1941 film Citizen Kane for $50,000 but refused to hire Welles to write a screenplay in the later years of his life, that he received money from the United States government to promote his personal religious and cultural beliefs, that his films do not take risks, that he exploited tragedy for personal gain in the films Schindler’s List and Saving Private Ryan, and that he, as a co-owner of DreamWorks, considered building a studio on the last remaining wetland in Southern California.

Another prominent criticism by several movie-goers(both professional and public) is that Spielberg's films lean towards sentimentalism at the expense of the theme of the film. An instance often cited by science fiction fans is the ending of A.I.: Artificial Intelligence which they believed was too 'happy'. This being a collaboration with Stanley Kubrick whose films such as Dr. Strangelove and A Clockwork Orange are often tinged with pessimism drew a heated debate as to whether or not Kubrick would have liked it or not. However, both Kubrick's long-time assistant Jan Harlan and the film's original story writer Ian Watson have said that the ending is exactly what Kubrick intended. A related criticism is that Spielberg's films lack depth and do not take risks, the most prominent person with this viewpoint is anti-mainstream film theorist Ray Carney.

Spielberg's unabashed support for Israel has also put him in the hot seat. In 2002, a rumor circulated that Spielberg was planning a film about Palestinian suffering during the Israeli/Palestinian feud. The director's spokesman, Marvin Levy, called the report "an obvious, vicious hoax." Spielberg is, however, currently in production on Munich, a highly controversial project which deals with the Israeli retaliation to the massacre of the Israeli Olympic athletes during the 1972 Munich Games. In order to deflect claims of bias, the filmmaker has consulted various sources in creating the film.

A lot of people worked with Steven Spielberg, and all of them thought to work with the great director was amazing.

Benedict Cumberbatch: Dream come true to work with Steven Spielberg on War Horse. Attending the Royal premiere of War Horse, Sherlock star Benedict Cumberbatch said that director Steven Spielberg was "utterly approachable and inclusive" on the film set.
"There is nothing that makes you feel too in awe to approach him, to collaborate with him, to have a director/actor relationship with him," Cumberbatch said.
"It's a phenomenal circus of talent he takes with him but he makes you feel integral...that's a very special thing."
Cumberbatch stars as Major Jamie Stewart in the First World War epic, which has been nominated for best drama at the Golden Globes. 

Jeremy Irvine: about War Horse
What was it like being directed by Spielberg?
I got a phone call saying could I come and meet Steven Spielberg for tea in Claridges Hotel in London at nine o’clock the next morning. Naturally, like any actor, I was absolutely terrified! I went into the room—and, within five minutes, it was completely relaxed.
This ability to put you at ease is one of Steven’s greatest assets. When you’re comfortable, you do your best work. You turn up on these film sets and they’re huge. But, the way Steven works is incredibly intimate. You come to the set, you present what you’ve brought to the table—your homework—what you think you should do. He’ll watch that, tweak it, mould it and maybe tell you to do something completely different. From that, you get a performance.

Actor Liam Cunningham has revealed how he was petrified before his first day filming with screen legend Steven Spielberg.
The director cast the former ESB worker in his new World War One blockbuster 'War Horse'. But despite years of experience, the respected star of stage and screen was wracked with nerves before cameras rolled.
"I was in a sweat that first morning but once you start working with Steven, that's all forgotten," Mr Cunningham revealed at the Irish premiere of the 'War Horse' in the Savoy Cinema last night.
The tear-jerker follows a farm boy who tries to track down his beloved horse after it's shipped to the battlefields of France in World War One.
Critics have credited Mr Cunningham with one of the most powerful performances in the film, as an army doctor who saves a horse.
However, the actor believes it could have gone the other way.
"In the film I tell a sergeant to shoot the horse, and they had the horse trained to dip its head as soon as the gun came out. I remember thinking, thank God I'm saving the horse, because if I had shot the much-loved star of a Spielberg movie, well that would been the end of my career," he said.

Anecdotes

Spielberg: Jaws Joker
One day during the production of Jaws, Steven Spielberg invited fellow directors Martin Scorsese, John Milius, and George Lucas to the set intent on showing off the massive mechanical shark (nicknamed "Bruce") which served as the classic film's main prop. When Spielberg's guests arrived at last, he took the controls and opened Bruce's mouth. George Lucas impulsively poked his head inside, whereupon Spielberg jokingly shut its jaws... and couldn't get them to open again! 


Steven Spielberg: Drink to the Future
Steven Spielberg did not always see eye to eye with his father, an emotionally distant man from whom Steven was ewastedd for 15 years following his parents' divorce. One day, Arnold (an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers) brought a tiny transistor home and showed it to Steven, declaring that it represented "the future." Steven's response? He took it, put it in his mouth, and washed it down with a glass of milk.

California Christmas
One day at the height of California's energy crisis, governor Gray Davis told director Steven Spielberg that the electricity crunch necessitated pulling the plug on the state's Christmas tree. Spielberg courteously offered a suggestion: California should light a state menorah.

Steven Spielberg: Spielberg Method
During the production of Saving Private Ryan (2002), Steven Spielberg insisted that, with one notable exception, each of the principal actors undergo several days of grueling physical training in a simulated army boot camp. The exception? Matt Damon, who was spared so that the other actors would resent him, and would convey that resentment in their performances.

Romantic Moment
While visiting Paris one year, Steven Spielberg and Amy Irving walked hand in hand through the rain toward Claude Monet's home in the Paris suburb of Giverny. "Just as we arrived," Irving recalled, "the rain stopped, so we were able to walk around the gardens. When we walked inside, it started pouring again. Then, during lunch, a double rainbow appeared outside our window. It was very magical, and then I threw up. That was the first time I realized I was with child."

Reviews (Action Films)

1. "War of the Words". This movie is directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Josh Friedman and David Koepp. It is a contemporary retelling of H. G. Wells’ seminal classic and this science fiction adventure disaster thriller reveals the extraordinary battle for the future of humankind through the eyes of one American family fighting to survive it. The film stars Tom Cruise (Ray Ferrier), Dakota Fanning and Justin Chatwin (Ray Ferrier’s children), Miranda Otto (Ray’s ex-wife), and Tim Robbins (Harlan Ogilvy). Ray Ferrier, a divorced dock worker and less-than-perfect father lived separately from them. Soon after his ex-wife and her new husband dropped off his teenage son Robbie and young daughter Rachel to look after them for a few days a strange and powerful lightning storm touched down. After a while the planet was invaded by aliens, the earth’s armies defeated making Ray to try to protect his children and flee to Boston to rejoin his ex-wife. The film’s got humor, horror, and amazing effects. But it's mostly the story of a father willing to do anything to save the lives of those he cares about. The acting was also more than you may expect. Dakota Fanning proved why she was the go to girl currently. She added a complexity to her role that was seldom seen amongst child stars. Rather than just acting off of Tom Cruise and reacting to him, it would see as if she actually inhabited her character and gave it its own personal qualities and pathos. Tom Cruise also did well, showing us that he can portray other things that his well-known personality. The scenes with him and Dakota (one in particular after the departure of another character) were absolutely breathtaking. The aliens in War of the Worlds were presented as a force of nature: the unseen aliens and their three-legged ships were disinterested in communication or negotiation with human beings, whom they perceived as a lower life form, they used their superior firepower to destroy and demolish anything and everything. Once the alien invasion began, Spielberg is in his element, staging scenes of mass destruction and their aftermath. The tripods were accompanied by an eerie, deeply unsettling two-note blast. The film was shot in 73 days, using five different sound stages as well as locations at Connecticut, Staten Island, California, Virginia, and New Jersey. It was released in the United States on 29 June and in the United Kingdom on 1 July. War of the Worlds was also a box office success, and was 2005's fourth most successful film both domestically, with $234 million in North America, and worldwide, with $591 million overall. Steven Spielberg described the story as follows: "It's nothing you can really describe. The whole thing is very experiential. The point of view is very personal — everybody, I think, in the world will be able to relate to the point of view, because it's about a family trying to survive and stay together, and they're surrounded by the most epically horrendous events you could possibly imagine." 
2. "Class of ‘61" is a 1993 television film produced by Steven Spielberg as a projected television series about the American Civil War. Created and written by Jonas McCord, who was also co-executive producer with Spielberg, Class of '61 owed its existence to the success of the award-winning documentary series “The Civil War” on public television. Shelby Foote, the novelist and historian, had a credit as a consultant on both projects. Class of 61 tells the story of a group of friends who were cadets at West Point at the outbreak of the civil war. The class of 1861learnt that the rebel batteries in Charleston had opened fire on the flag. The cadets were soon choosing sides for a war that would leave 600,000 dead. Three close friends were separated by personal loyalties. Shelby Peyton (Dan Futterman) returned to Virginia and a commission in the Confederate Army. Hot-headed George Armstrong Custer (Joshua Lucas) rushed off determined to defeat Jefferson Davis. Son of an Irish immigrant, Devin O'Neil (Clive Owen), went with the Union Army, although he knew nobody would really win this war. His brother Terry (Christien Anholt) fought for the Confederacy. His sister Shannen (Sophie Ward) was pregnant with Shelby's child. The movie was filmed in Charleston, South Carolina and Atlanta and was the first collaboration between Spielberg and cinematographer Janusz Kaminski. This two-hour movie used period maps and etchings to move the action along. And letters figured prominently in the script. The scene in an army camp consisted almost entirely of voice-overs with passages from the soldiers' letters home. As might be expected in a Spielberg project, this one directed by Gregory Hoblit, the production values were impressive. The conclusion, the Battle of Bull Run, was admirably planned and executed. This film may be recommended to anyone, especially for those who are interested in American History - the Antebellum years and the Civil War in particular.                                                                                                                                           
3. "Vanilla Sky" is a 2001 American science fiction thriller movie directed, co-produced and co-written by Cameron Crowe. It is a remake of the Spanish film Open Your Eyes. The movie stars Tom Cruise (David Ames), Penelope Cruz (Sofia), Cameron Diaz (Julie) and Steven Spielberg (Guest at David Ames' Party). David Ames was a playboy who found romantic redemption when he fell in love with his best friend's girlfriend Sofia. Before that relationship can began, however, David was coaxed into a car driven by an ex-lover, Julie who turned out to be suicidal. Driving her car off a bridge, Julie killed herself and horribly disfigured David. Reconstructive surgery and the loving support of Sofia seemed to reverse David's luck, but eerie incidents soon made him question the reality of his existence and his control over his life, even while he was suspected of complicity in Julie's death. This movie is fascinating, often frustrating, boldly uncommercial Hollywood version of a boldly uncommercial art film, which offers the sort of edgy, dangerous psychodrama that will resonate in your head, keeping you thinking and debating long after the final song has lapsed into silence. It has also been described as “ an odd mixture of science fiction, romance and reality warp”, “part Beautiful People fantasy, part New Age investigation of the Great Beyond,” a “love story and a struggle for the soul,” and an “erotic adventure, romance, mystery, and psychological thriller, with a dose of science fiction.”                                                                                                       
4. Steven Spielberg's "Schindler's List" is based on a true story and stars Liam Neeson (Oskar Schindler), Ben Kingsley (Itzhak Stern), Ralph Fiennes (Commandant Amon Goeth). A German businessman in Poland, Oskar Schindler, saw an opportunity of making money from the Nazis’ rise to power. He started a company to make kitchen utensils, using bribes and flattery in order to win military contracts, and brought in financier and accountant Itzhak Stern to help him run the factory. Having staffed his plant with Jews who had been herded into Krakow’s ghetto by Nazi troops, Oskar received a dependable unpaid labour force. For Stern, a job in a war-related plant meant survival both for him and the other Jews who also worked for Schindler. But in 1942 all of Krakow’s Jews were assigned to the Plaszow Forced Labour Camp, overseen by Commandant Amon Goeth, who had a habit of shooting prisoners from his balcony. Oskar managed to continue using Jews in his factory, but he began to develop a conscience, when he saw what was happening to his employees. He realized that his plant was the only thing that prevented his staff from being shipped to death camps. Soon Oskar Schindler demanded more workers and started bribing Nazi leaders to keep Jews out of the camps and on his employee lists. By the time Germany fell to allies, Schindler had lost his fortune and could save 1,100 Jewish people from death. Schindler's List was nominated for 12 Academy Awards and won seven, including Best Picture and a long-coveted Best Director for Spielberg, as well as numerous other awards (7 BAFTAs, 3 Golden Globes) and it quickly gained praise as one of the finest American movies about the Holocaust. What is most amazing about this film is how completely Spielberg served his story. The movie is brilliantly acted, written, directed and seen. Individual scenes are masterpieces of art direction, cinematography, special effects, and crowd control. Spielberg did an uncommonly good job both of holding our interest over 185 minutes and of showing more of the nuts and bolts of the Holocaust than we usually got from fiction films. Despite some characteristic simplifications, he's generally scrupulous about both his source and the historical record.

Vocabulary Task:

1) heaven ['hev(ə)n] - рай, небеса, блаженство
2) carve [kɑːv] - резать, вырезать
3) shape [ʃeɪp] - форма, очертание; вид; образ
4) circumstance ['sɜːkəmstæn(t)s] - обстоятельство; случай; условие
5) swing [swɪŋ] - качать; раскачивать; размахивать; вертеть; поворачивать
6) serve [sɜːv] - служить, работать
7) bruise [bruːz] (гл) - ушибать; ранить; задевать (чьи-л. чувства)
Words with the meaning "rain":
1. pouring down - сильный ливень.
2. bucketing down - льет,как из ведра.
3. downpour - ливень;
4. get soaked to the skin - промокнуть до нитки.
5. drizzle - мелкий дождь, морось
6. lightning storm, thunder storm - гроза
7. downpour; cloudburst; soak; driving rain; pelting rain; drencher; drench; soaker; stair rods (идиома); pouring, pelting, driving, torrential rain; it is raining pitchforks (idiom) - проливной дождь
8. weeping skies - дословно: плачущее небо (idiom)
9. sky juice - вода,дождь (idiom)
Phrases with "weather":
weather forecast ['weðə 'fɔːkɑːst]- прогноз погоды
temperature ['temp(ə)rəʧə] - температура
weatherman ['weðəmæn] - метеоролог
thunderstorm ['θʌndəstɔːm] - гроза
thunder ['θʌndə] - гром
lightning ['laɪtnɪŋ] - молния
shower ['ʃəuə] - ливень
fog [fɔg] - туман
heat [hiːt] - жара
wind [wɪnd] - ветер
frost [frɔst] - мороз
snow [snəu] - снег
sunny ['sʌnɪ] (day) - солнечный (день)
dull [dʌl] (day) - пасмурный (день)
cool [kuːl] (day) - прохладный (день)
Active vocabulary:
my fingers stretched out - мои пальцы растянулись,
take medicine before one's food - принять лекарство перед едой
be helpless before such accusations - быть беспомощным перед подобными обвинениями
i prop myself up on one elbow - я приподнялась на локте
mashed in nose - приплюснутый нос
eyes the color of rotting sqwash - глаза цвета гнилой почвы
distrust me-недоверять мне
It turned out ok - мож оно и к лучшему
rid off the vermin - избавиться от паразитов
the entrails - внутренности
he has stopped hissing at me - он перестал шипеть на меня
i swing my leps off the bed - я спустила ноги с кровати
slide into hunting boot - обуться в охотнич. ботинки
to slip outside - выскользнут на улицу
flesh eaters - хищники
trespassing in the woods - посягательство на лес
brust out - сказать лишнее
from the far off city - из далекого города
a thicket of berry bushes- ягодная роща
we will have a real freast - у нас настоящ пир
young in spirit - сильнее духом
to reduce to lears - довести до слез
commit point - точка фиксации
come off it - перестань же
throbbing pain - пульсирующая боль
to be true to oneself - быть верным сеье
I shrugged - я пожал плечами
to keep take on smth - присматривать за кем либо

Write your words and phrases from the books!